Chapter 14. Stanza Limitations
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# Chapter 14. Stanza Limitations

Although XMPP is robust and can process stanzas of any size in bytes, there are some limitations to keep in mind for Tigase server.

Please keep these in mind when using default Tigase settings and creating custom stanzas.

- Limit to number of attributes of single element = 50 attributes
- Limit to number of elements = 1024 elements
- Limit to length of element name = 1024 characters
- Limit to length of attribute name = 1024 characters
- Limit to length of attribute value = 10240 characters
- Limit to length of content of single element CDATA = 1048576b or 1Mb

These values may be changed.

Note that these limitations are to elements and attributes that may be within a stanza, but do not limit the overall stanza length.

## Escape Characters

There are special characters that need to be escaped if they are included in the stanza to avoid conflicts. The rules are similar to normal XML escaping. The following is a list of characters that need to be escaped and what to use to escape them:

    &    &amp;
    <    &lt;
    >    &gt;
    "    &quot;
    '    &apos;

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